An appraisal of government efforts in improving potable water supply in Calabar Municipal Local Government Area, Cross River State
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Background of the Study:
Access to potable water is a fundamental human right and a key driver of public health and socio-economic development. In Calabar Municipal, government efforts have focused on upgrading water infrastructure and implementing sustainable water management practices (Okoro, 2023). Despite these initiatives, challenges such as water contamination, infrastructural decay, and funding shortages persist, impacting the overall quality and accessibility of water supplies (Udo, 2024). The government’s interventions, including community-based water projects and public-private partnerships, have shown varying degrees of success. Recent studies indicate that while progress has been made, disparities in service delivery still exist, especially in peri-urban areas (Nwankwo, 2025). A thorough appraisal of these efforts is required to assess their effectiveness, identify systemic gaps, and propose targeted improvements to ensure equitable access to clean water for all residents (Mbanefo, 2023).
Statement of the Problem:
Despite significant government interventions to improve potable water supply in Calabar Municipal, many communities continue to experience irregular supply and poor water quality. This study investigates the underlying causes of these challenges, focusing on implementation inefficiencies, funding constraints, and maintenance issues, which hinder the realization of sustainable water access (Ekwueme, 2024).
Objectives of the Study:
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To evaluate the current government initiatives in potable water provision.
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To identify challenges in water supply infrastructure and management.
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To propose policy recommendations for improved water quality and access.
Research Questions: -
How effective are government initiatives in improving potable water supply?
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What infrastructural challenges affect water distribution?
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What measures can enhance water quality and accessibility?
Research Hypotheses: -
Government efforts have significantly improved potable water supply.
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Infrastructure decay adversely affects water quality.
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Increased funding correlates with better water service delivery.
Significance of the Study:
The study is significant as it provides critical insights into the effectiveness of water supply interventions, offering evidence-based recommendations for enhancing potable water accessibility. It will guide policymakers in addressing infrastructural and operational challenges to improve public health outcomes (Ibekwe, 2023).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
Limited to the topic only.
Definitions of Terms:
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Potable Water: Water that is safe for human consumption.
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Infrastructure: The physical systems supporting water distribution.
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Public-Private Partnership: Collaborative arrangements between government and private sector entities.
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